Shaping for Cleaning the Root Canals: A Clinical-Based Strategy
Shaping for Cleaning the Root Canals: A Clinical-Based Strategy
edited by Gustavo De Deus, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Erick Souza, Marco A. Versiani, Mario Zuolo
- 1st ed.
- 1 online resource (XIII, 370 pages) 51 b/w illustrations, 167 illustrations in colour
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1: Classical Cleaning & -- Shaping: Historical Cornerstones -- 1.1 Historical Development ofShaping Concepts -- 1.2 Classical Cleaning & -- Shaping Concept by Schilder -- 1.3 From the1980s tothe1990s -- 1.4 Overfast Mechanical Shaping: AnUndeniable Current Reality -- 1.5 What Should BetheMain Target inEndodontics? Speed or Quality? -- References -- 2: Shaping forCleaning: Reconsidering Root Canal Debridement -- 2.1 How Effectively Can WeDebride? -- 2.1.1 The "Fake Iceberg Illusion" -- 2.1.2 Debridement Deficit -- 2.1.3 Unnecessary Root Dentin Removal -- 2.1.4 Accumulated Hard-Tissue Debris -- 2.2 The Overload ontheShoulders ofIrrigation -- 2.3 The Shaping forCleaning Concept -- 2.4 What toDo After Shaping? Maximizing theNaOCl Intracanal Time -- 2.4.1 NaOCl asaNon-agitated Intra-Visit Medication -- 2.4.2 Updated Syringe-Needle Irrigation: AClose-to-WL Approach -- 2.4.3 Handling theVapor Lock Phenomenon -- 2.4.4 The Role ofthePatency File -- 2.4.5 Negative Apical Pressure Irrigation -- 2.4.6 Is It Still Necessary toAgitate theNaOCl? -- 2.4.6.1 Sonic andUltrasonic Irrigation -- 2.4.6.2 Manual Dynamic Activation (MDA) Technique -- 2.4.6.3 Continuous Instrumentation andIrrigation: TheSelf-Adjusting File (SAF) System -- 2.4.7 Chelating Agents: Washing out theBiofilm? -- 2.5 Shaping forCleaning Irrigation: Clinical Guidelines -- References -- 3: The Glide Path Matter -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Definitions -- 3.2.1 Natural Path -- 3.2.2 Canal Scouting -- 3.2.3 Apical Patency -- 3.2.4 Glide Path -- 3.3 Micro Glide Path -- 3.3.1 Guidelines forCanal Scouting -- 3.3.2 Guidelines forEstablishing theApical Patency -- 3.3.3 Challenges inScouting andPatency Procedures -- 3.3.3.1 Easily Negotiable Root Canals 3.3.3.2 Root Canals withDifficult Negotiation -- 3.3.3.3 Non-negotiable Apical Canal Anatomies -- 3.4 The Glide Path Per Se -- 3.4.1 Manual Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.2 Glide Path Using Hand Files inDedicated Oscillatory Pneumatic Contra-Angles -- 3.4.3 Rotary NiTi Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.3.1 PathFile -- 3.4.3.2 ScoutRaCe -- 3.4.3.3 ProGlider -- 3.4.3.4 The Critical Role ofMicro Glide Path forRotary Pathfinder Instruments -- 3.4.4 Reciprocating NiTi Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.4.1 WaveOne Gold Glider -- 3.4.4.2 R-Pilot -- 3.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 4: NiTi Rotary Systems: FromRevolution tothe"More oftheSame" Phenomenon -- 4.1 Nickel-Titanium Alloy: History andProperties -- 4.2 NiTi Alloys andSpecific Features -- 4.2.1 Austenitic NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.1.1 Conventional NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.1.2 Electropolishing Treatment -- 4.2.1.3 M-Wire -- 4.2.1.4 R-Phase -- 4.2.2 Martensitic NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.2.1 CM-Wire -- 4.2.2.2 Electrical Discharge Machining -- 4.2.2.3 Gold andBlue Wires -- 4.2.3 MaxWire -- 4.3 The Genealogical Tree ofNiTi Systems -- 4.3.1 The Patriarchs (First Generation) -- 4.3.2 Improving Metallurgical Properties (Second Generation) -- 4.3.3 Heat Treatment Is thePathway toFollow! (Third Generation) -- 4.3.4 No! Kinematic Is Better (Fourth Generation) -- 4.3.5 The Asymmetrical Proposition (Fifth Generation) -- 4.4 Clinical Recommendations forSafe Use -- 4.5 Rotary NiTi Systems: "The MORE oftheSAME" Phenomenon -- References -- 5: Reciprocating Movement: Mastering theMechanical Preparation -- 5.1 Reciprocating Steel Instruments: TheFirst Beginning! -- 5.2 Asymmetric Angles: TheRebirth ofReciprocating Movement -- 5.2.1 The Story ofReciprocating Movement withNiTi Instruments -- 5.3 Reciprocating Systems -- 5.3.1 Reciproc M-Wire 5.3.1.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.12) -- 5.3.2 Reciproc Blue -- 5.3.3 WaveOne Gold -- 5.3.3.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.17) -- 5.3.4 Race Evo R-Motion -- 5.3.4.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.19) -- 5.4 Reciprocating Motors -- 5.4.1 Dedicated Electronic Motors -- 5.4.2 Air-Driven Contra-Angle -- 5.5 The R25: AMultitasking Single-File Instrument -- 5.5.1 Is Reciproc aSingle-Use Instrument? -- 5.5.2 Reciprocation andtheCoronal Preflaring Procedure -- 5.5.3 IsGlide Path Mandatory forCanal Preparation withReciprocating Movement? -- 5.5.4 Feedback oftheR25 Instrument -- 5.6 Finally, Low Risk ofFracture! -- 5.7 Rational Approach forReciprocating Preparation ofRoot Canals: AClinical Perspective -- 5.7.1 Main Reasons forUsing Reciprocating Instruments -- 5.7.2 A Simple andEasy toLearn Workflow -- 5.8 Concluding Remarks: Reasons Why Reciprocation Is Not "More oftheSame" -- References -- 6: Scientific andEducational Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Scientific Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- 6.2.1 Cyclic Fatigue Resistance -- 6.2.2 Torsional Resistance -- 6.2.3 Cutting Efficiency -- 6.2.4 Shaping Ability -- 6.2.5 Microcrack Formation -- 6.2.6 Preparation Time -- 6.2.7 Accumulated Hard Tissue Debris andDebris Extrusion -- 6.2.8 Disinfection Ability: Reduction ofBacterial Load andToxins -- 6.2.9 Clinical Performance: Postoperative Pain -- 6.3 Educational Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- References -- 7: Shaping forCleaning inRetreatment Cases -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Predictability oftheInitial Endodontic Treatment -- 7.1.2 Success andClinical Practice -- 7.1.3 Purpose ofRetreatment -- 7.1.4 TheFilling Materials -- 7.2 When Is Retreatment Possible? -- 7.2.1 Access Preparation andRetreatment 7.2.2 The Critical Last Millimeters: Regaining theApical Patency -- 7.2.3 Anatomical Diameter oftheApical Foramen: ToEnlarge or Not toEnlarge? -- 7.3 Effects ofGutta-Percha Removal intheCanal Walls -- 7.3.1 Getting Rid oftheBulk-Filling Material: Solvent, Burs, andFiles -- 7.3.2 Challenges: Oval Canals, Irregularities, andIsthmuses -- 7.4 Root Canal Reshaping -- 7.4.1 Vertical Extent ofInstrumentation -- 7.4.2 Which Is theBest File forRetreatment? -- 7.4.3 Interappointment Medication: Actual Scientific Status -- 7.5 Suggested Clinical Protocol -- 7.5.1 Case Planning: Anatomical Knowledge with3D Visualization oftheCanals -- 7.5.2 Instruments andMaterials -- 7.5.3 New Instruments andApproaches toDeal withtheRemaining Gutta-Percha -- 7.5.4 MainClinical Protocol -- 7.5.4.1 Removal oftheBulk Filling Material (Fig.7.15) -- 7.5.4.2 Regain Apical Patency (Fig.7.16a, b) -- 7.5.4.3 Reshaping theCanals at theEstablished Working Length (Fig.7.16c) -- 7.6 Final Considerations -- 7.6.1 How toDetermine theOutcome inRetreatment Cases -- 7.6.1.1 Healing: Grouped into Two Types -- 7.6.1.2 Disease -- 7.6.2 Selective Root Canal Retreatment -- References -- 8: Managing Canal Anatomies intheContext ofShaping forCleaning Proposal -- 8.1 The Importance ofAnatomical Knowledge ofRoot Canals inClinical Practice -- 8.2 Applied Anatomy: What WeReally Need toKnow About Each Group ofTeeth -- 8.2.1 Root Canal Complexities: Rule or Exception? -- 8.2.2 One Root Means aSingle Canal? -- 8.2.3 Anterior Teeth: Are They theEasiest Teeth toTreat? -- 8.2.4 The Hidden Secrets ofPremolars -- 8.2.5 The Complexities ofMolar Teeth -- 8.2.6 The "Critical Apical Zone": Is It Really Critical? -- 8.3 Anatomical Factors andTheir Impact onthePrognosis ofRoot Canal Treatment 8.4 Anatomical Factors inPractice forTreating Complex Anatomies -- 8.4.1 Diagnostic Tools toIdentify Anatomical Complexities: 2D×3D -- 8.4.2 Planning aCase: Armamentarium fora3D Approach -- 8.4.3 Access Preparation: ToOpen or Not toOpen? -- 8.4.3.1 Minimally Invasive Endodontics: ACost-Benefit Rationale -- 8.4.4 Cleaning andShaping or Shaping forCleaning? -- 8.4.5 3D or 4D Canal Filling? -- 8.5 Dealing withComplex Cases -- 8.5.1 Multiplanar Curvatures: What YouSee Is Not What YouGet! -- 8.5.2 Overcoming Preparation ofMultiple Canals inNarrow Roots -- 8.5.3 The Challenge ofC-Shaped Canal Management -- 8.5.4 Taurodontism: Expanding thePulp Chamber Size -- 8.5.5 Extra Roots inMaxillary andMandibular Molars: TheRadix -- 8.5.6 The Dens Invaginatus Dilemma: Conservative and/or Surgical Approach? -- 8.5.7 MB2 Again? Yes, ButLet's Also Talk About theMB3! -- 8.6 Concluding Remarks -- References
978-3-030-84617-6
10.1007/978-3-030-84617-6 doi
Medicine
Electronic books
RK61 / .S53 2022 EB
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1: Classical Cleaning & -- Shaping: Historical Cornerstones -- 1.1 Historical Development ofShaping Concepts -- 1.2 Classical Cleaning & -- Shaping Concept by Schilder -- 1.3 From the1980s tothe1990s -- 1.4 Overfast Mechanical Shaping: AnUndeniable Current Reality -- 1.5 What Should BetheMain Target inEndodontics? Speed or Quality? -- References -- 2: Shaping forCleaning: Reconsidering Root Canal Debridement -- 2.1 How Effectively Can WeDebride? -- 2.1.1 The "Fake Iceberg Illusion" -- 2.1.2 Debridement Deficit -- 2.1.3 Unnecessary Root Dentin Removal -- 2.1.4 Accumulated Hard-Tissue Debris -- 2.2 The Overload ontheShoulders ofIrrigation -- 2.3 The Shaping forCleaning Concept -- 2.4 What toDo After Shaping? Maximizing theNaOCl Intracanal Time -- 2.4.1 NaOCl asaNon-agitated Intra-Visit Medication -- 2.4.2 Updated Syringe-Needle Irrigation: AClose-to-WL Approach -- 2.4.3 Handling theVapor Lock Phenomenon -- 2.4.4 The Role ofthePatency File -- 2.4.5 Negative Apical Pressure Irrigation -- 2.4.6 Is It Still Necessary toAgitate theNaOCl? -- 2.4.6.1 Sonic andUltrasonic Irrigation -- 2.4.6.2 Manual Dynamic Activation (MDA) Technique -- 2.4.6.3 Continuous Instrumentation andIrrigation: TheSelf-Adjusting File (SAF) System -- 2.4.7 Chelating Agents: Washing out theBiofilm? -- 2.5 Shaping forCleaning Irrigation: Clinical Guidelines -- References -- 3: The Glide Path Matter -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Definitions -- 3.2.1 Natural Path -- 3.2.2 Canal Scouting -- 3.2.3 Apical Patency -- 3.2.4 Glide Path -- 3.3 Micro Glide Path -- 3.3.1 Guidelines forCanal Scouting -- 3.3.2 Guidelines forEstablishing theApical Patency -- 3.3.3 Challenges inScouting andPatency Procedures -- 3.3.3.1 Easily Negotiable Root Canals 3.3.3.2 Root Canals withDifficult Negotiation -- 3.3.3.3 Non-negotiable Apical Canal Anatomies -- 3.4 The Glide Path Per Se -- 3.4.1 Manual Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.2 Glide Path Using Hand Files inDedicated Oscillatory Pneumatic Contra-Angles -- 3.4.3 Rotary NiTi Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.3.1 PathFile -- 3.4.3.2 ScoutRaCe -- 3.4.3.3 ProGlider -- 3.4.3.4 The Critical Role ofMicro Glide Path forRotary Pathfinder Instruments -- 3.4.4 Reciprocating NiTi Glide Path Preparation -- 3.4.4.1 WaveOne Gold Glider -- 3.4.4.2 R-Pilot -- 3.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 4: NiTi Rotary Systems: FromRevolution tothe"More oftheSame" Phenomenon -- 4.1 Nickel-Titanium Alloy: History andProperties -- 4.2 NiTi Alloys andSpecific Features -- 4.2.1 Austenitic NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.1.1 Conventional NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.1.2 Electropolishing Treatment -- 4.2.1.3 M-Wire -- 4.2.1.4 R-Phase -- 4.2.2 Martensitic NiTi Alloy -- 4.2.2.1 CM-Wire -- 4.2.2.2 Electrical Discharge Machining -- 4.2.2.3 Gold andBlue Wires -- 4.2.3 MaxWire -- 4.3 The Genealogical Tree ofNiTi Systems -- 4.3.1 The Patriarchs (First Generation) -- 4.3.2 Improving Metallurgical Properties (Second Generation) -- 4.3.3 Heat Treatment Is thePathway toFollow! (Third Generation) -- 4.3.4 No! Kinematic Is Better (Fourth Generation) -- 4.3.5 The Asymmetrical Proposition (Fifth Generation) -- 4.4 Clinical Recommendations forSafe Use -- 4.5 Rotary NiTi Systems: "The MORE oftheSAME" Phenomenon -- References -- 5: Reciprocating Movement: Mastering theMechanical Preparation -- 5.1 Reciprocating Steel Instruments: TheFirst Beginning! -- 5.2 Asymmetric Angles: TheRebirth ofReciprocating Movement -- 5.2.1 The Story ofReciprocating Movement withNiTi Instruments -- 5.3 Reciprocating Systems -- 5.3.1 Reciproc M-Wire 5.3.1.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.12) -- 5.3.2 Reciproc Blue -- 5.3.3 WaveOne Gold -- 5.3.3.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.17) -- 5.3.4 Race Evo R-Motion -- 5.3.4.1 Manufacturer Guidelines (Fig.5.19) -- 5.4 Reciprocating Motors -- 5.4.1 Dedicated Electronic Motors -- 5.4.2 Air-Driven Contra-Angle -- 5.5 The R25: AMultitasking Single-File Instrument -- 5.5.1 Is Reciproc aSingle-Use Instrument? -- 5.5.2 Reciprocation andtheCoronal Preflaring Procedure -- 5.5.3 IsGlide Path Mandatory forCanal Preparation withReciprocating Movement? -- 5.5.4 Feedback oftheR25 Instrument -- 5.6 Finally, Low Risk ofFracture! -- 5.7 Rational Approach forReciprocating Preparation ofRoot Canals: AClinical Perspective -- 5.7.1 Main Reasons forUsing Reciprocating Instruments -- 5.7.2 A Simple andEasy toLearn Workflow -- 5.8 Concluding Remarks: Reasons Why Reciprocation Is Not "More oftheSame" -- References -- 6: Scientific andEducational Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Scientific Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- 6.2.1 Cyclic Fatigue Resistance -- 6.2.2 Torsional Resistance -- 6.2.3 Cutting Efficiency -- 6.2.4 Shaping Ability -- 6.2.5 Microcrack Formation -- 6.2.6 Preparation Time -- 6.2.7 Accumulated Hard Tissue Debris andDebris Extrusion -- 6.2.8 Disinfection Ability: Reduction ofBacterial Load andToxins -- 6.2.9 Clinical Performance: Postoperative Pain -- 6.3 Educational Aspects ofReciprocating Movement -- References -- 7: Shaping forCleaning inRetreatment Cases -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Predictability oftheInitial Endodontic Treatment -- 7.1.2 Success andClinical Practice -- 7.1.3 Purpose ofRetreatment -- 7.1.4 TheFilling Materials -- 7.2 When Is Retreatment Possible? -- 7.2.1 Access Preparation andRetreatment 7.2.2 The Critical Last Millimeters: Regaining theApical Patency -- 7.2.3 Anatomical Diameter oftheApical Foramen: ToEnlarge or Not toEnlarge? -- 7.3 Effects ofGutta-Percha Removal intheCanal Walls -- 7.3.1 Getting Rid oftheBulk-Filling Material: Solvent, Burs, andFiles -- 7.3.2 Challenges: Oval Canals, Irregularities, andIsthmuses -- 7.4 Root Canal Reshaping -- 7.4.1 Vertical Extent ofInstrumentation -- 7.4.2 Which Is theBest File forRetreatment? -- 7.4.3 Interappointment Medication: Actual Scientific Status -- 7.5 Suggested Clinical Protocol -- 7.5.1 Case Planning: Anatomical Knowledge with3D Visualization oftheCanals -- 7.5.2 Instruments andMaterials -- 7.5.3 New Instruments andApproaches toDeal withtheRemaining Gutta-Percha -- 7.5.4 MainClinical Protocol -- 7.5.4.1 Removal oftheBulk Filling Material (Fig.7.15) -- 7.5.4.2 Regain Apical Patency (Fig.7.16a, b) -- 7.5.4.3 Reshaping theCanals at theEstablished Working Length (Fig.7.16c) -- 7.6 Final Considerations -- 7.6.1 How toDetermine theOutcome inRetreatment Cases -- 7.6.1.1 Healing: Grouped into Two Types -- 7.6.1.2 Disease -- 7.6.2 Selective Root Canal Retreatment -- References -- 8: Managing Canal Anatomies intheContext ofShaping forCleaning Proposal -- 8.1 The Importance ofAnatomical Knowledge ofRoot Canals inClinical Practice -- 8.2 Applied Anatomy: What WeReally Need toKnow About Each Group ofTeeth -- 8.2.1 Root Canal Complexities: Rule or Exception? -- 8.2.2 One Root Means aSingle Canal? -- 8.2.3 Anterior Teeth: Are They theEasiest Teeth toTreat? -- 8.2.4 The Hidden Secrets ofPremolars -- 8.2.5 The Complexities ofMolar Teeth -- 8.2.6 The "Critical Apical Zone": Is It Really Critical? -- 8.3 Anatomical Factors andTheir Impact onthePrognosis ofRoot Canal Treatment 8.4 Anatomical Factors inPractice forTreating Complex Anatomies -- 8.4.1 Diagnostic Tools toIdentify Anatomical Complexities: 2D×3D -- 8.4.2 Planning aCase: Armamentarium fora3D Approach -- 8.4.3 Access Preparation: ToOpen or Not toOpen? -- 8.4.3.1 Minimally Invasive Endodontics: ACost-Benefit Rationale -- 8.4.4 Cleaning andShaping or Shaping forCleaning? -- 8.4.5 3D or 4D Canal Filling? -- 8.5 Dealing withComplex Cases -- 8.5.1 Multiplanar Curvatures: What YouSee Is Not What YouGet! -- 8.5.2 Overcoming Preparation ofMultiple Canals inNarrow Roots -- 8.5.3 The Challenge ofC-Shaped Canal Management -- 8.5.4 Taurodontism: Expanding thePulp Chamber Size -- 8.5.5 Extra Roots inMaxillary andMandibular Molars: TheRadix -- 8.5.6 The Dens Invaginatus Dilemma: Conservative and/or Surgical Approach? -- 8.5.7 MB2 Again? Yes, ButLet's Also Talk About theMB3! -- 8.6 Concluding Remarks -- References
978-3-030-84617-6
10.1007/978-3-030-84617-6 doi
Medicine
Electronic books
RK61 / .S53 2022 EB