Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I: Epicardial Coronary Artery Spasm -- Chapter 1: Epidemiology of Vasospastic Angina -- 1.1 Coronary Artery Spasm and Coronary Ischemic Syndromes -- 1.2 Prevalence of Vasospastic Angina -- 1.3 Risk Factors and Precipitating Factors for Coronary Artery Spasm -- 1.4 Prognosis and Predictive Factors for Vasospastic Angina -- 1.5 Sudden Cardiac Death in Vasospastic Angina -- 1.6 Racial Difference in Vasospastic Angina -- References -- Chapter 2: Pathophysiology and Molecular Mechanisms of Coronary Artery Spasm

2.1 Development of Animal Models of Coronary Artery Spasm and Identification of Important Pathogenetic Roles of Rho-Kinase -- 2.2 The Rho/Rho-Kinase System in Vascular Contraction -- 2.3 Substrates of Rho-Kinase -- 2.4 Rho-Kinase-Mediated Inflammation and Oxidative Stress -- 2.5 Rho-Kinase in Vascular Function and Contraction -- 2.6 Rho-Kinase in Arteriosclerosis -- 2.7 Rho-Kinase in Myocardial Ischemia and Heart Failure -- 2.8 Rho-Kinase in Hypertension and Pulmonary Hypertension -- 2.9 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Spasm

3.1 Clinical Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Coronary Artery Spasm -- 3.2 Noninvasive Evaluation Methods -- 3.3 Pharmacological Spasm Provocative Tests -- 3.4 Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Spasm -- 3.5 Imaging for Coronary Artery Spasm -- 3.6 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 4: Treatment of Coronary Artery Spasm -- 4.1 Importance of Treatment of Coronary Artery Spasm Worldwide -- 4.2 Management of Coronary Artery spasm -- 4.2.1 Lifestyle Modifications for Risk Factors -- 4.2.2 Pharmacotherapy -- Calcium Channel Blockers -- Nitrates and Nicorandil -- Rho-Kinase Inhibitors

Statins and Magnesium -- 4.2.3 Non-pharmacological Treatment -- 4.3 Usefulness of JCSA Risk Score for Risk Stratification of Future Cardiovascular Events -- 4.4 Biomarkers and Cardiac Imaging as a Treatment Efficacy for Coronary Artery Spasm -- 4.5 Future Perspectives -- References -- Part II: Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction -- Chapter 5: Epidemiology of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Historical Background -- 5.3 Epidemiological Considerations -- 5.4 Definition of Unobstructed Coronary Arteries -- 5.5 Prevalence of CMD Depends on Diagnostic Assessments Used

5.6 Prevalence of Chest Pain and Unobstructed Coronary Arteries and Prevalence of CMD in Acute Coronary Syndrome -- 5.7 Chronic Coronary Syndrome -- 5.8 Outlook -- 5.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Pathophysiology of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Endothelial Modulation of Vascular Tone: NO and EDH Factors -- 6.2.1 Vessel Size-Dependent Contribution of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factors -- 6.2.2 EDH Factors: The Predominant Mechanism of Vasodilatation in Small Arteries -- 6.3 Endothelium-Derived H2O2 as an EDH Factor