Intro -- Preface -- Series Editor Introduction -- Contents -- Contributors -- List of Videos -- Part I: Practical Approach to the Patient with a Movement Disorder Emergency -- 1: Practical Approach toManagement oftheMovement Disorders Patient intheHospital andIntensive Care Unit -- Patient Vignette -- Discussion -- Introduction -- Principles oftheManagement ofthePatient intheHospital andIntensive Care Unit -- Identification ofEtiologies and/or Precipitating Factors -- Principles ofManagement -- Acute Management (&lt -- 24Hours) -- Management After theFirst 24Hours -- Conclusion -- References -- 2: Neuro-Ophthalmologic Emergencies inMovement Disorders -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction -- Acute/Subacute-Onset Supranuclear Saccadic Gaze Palsies -- Description -- Mechanism -- Clinical Evaluation -- Etiologies -- Ocular Flutter andOpsoclonus -- Description -- Mechanism -- Clinical Evaluation -- Etiologies -- Nystagmus -- Downbeat Nystagmus -- Description -- Etiologies -- Mechanism -- Treatment -- Upbeat Nystagmus -- Description -- Etiologies -- Mechanism -- Treatment -- Oculogyric Crisis -- Description -- Etiologies -- Mechanism -- Treatment -- Conclusion -- References -- 3: Movement Disorder Emergencies oftheUpper Aerodigestive Tract -- Patient Vignette -- Introduction -- Acute Airway Assessment andManagement -- Breathing Disturbances fromPrimary Disorders -- Spasmodic Dysphonia -- Adductor Laryngeal Breathing Dystonia -- Multiple System Atrophy: Abductor Weakness -- Iatrogenic Causes ofBreathing Disturbances -- Spasmodic Dysphonia: Airway Obstruction Secondary toBotulinum Toxin Treatment -- Drug-Induced Tardive Dystonia -- Parkinson's Disease: Airway Compromise Related toDeep Brain Stimulator -- Swallowing Emergencies -- Swallowing Assessment -- Treatment ofSwallowing Disorders

Specific Disorders Related toSwallowing Emergencies -- Oromandibulolingual Dystonia -- Multiple System Atrophy -- Multiple Sclerosis -- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- Parkinson's Disease -- Huntington's Disease -- Palatal Myoclonus -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Hyperacute Movement Disorder Emergencies -- 4: Acute Parkinsonism -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction -- Noninfectious Acute Parkinsonism -- Structural Lesions -- Toxic/Metabolic -- Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic -- Psychiatric -- Infectious Parkinsonism -- Classification andClinical Features -- Neuropathology andImaging -- Evaluation -- Treatment -- Comments onPatient 1 -- Comments onPatient 2 -- Conclusion -- References -- 5: Parkinsonism-Hyperpyrexia Syndrome inParkinson's Disease -- Patient Vignette -- Introduction -- Clinical Features -- PHS andDeep Brain Stimulation -- PHS Epidemiology -- PHS Clinical Syndrome -- Illustrative Cases fromtheLiterature -- Case 1 [17] -- Case 2 [16] -- Case 3 [24] -- Case 4 [45] -- Risk Factors andPathogenesis -- Treatment -- Dyskinesia-Hyperpyrexia Syndrome -- Conclusion -- References -- 6: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Incidence -- Risk Factors -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical Characteristics -- Prodromal Signs -- Signs andSymptoms -- Laboratory Evaluation -- Diagnostic Criteria -- Clinical Course andOutcome -- Evaluation andDifferential Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Conclusion -- References -- 7: Malignant Catatonia -- Patient Vignette -- Introduction -- Clinical Presentation: Pre-antipsychotic Drug Era -- Contemporary Presentation -- The Malignant Catatonia Syndrome -- Pathogenesis -- Management -- Conclusion -- References -- 8: Serotonin Syndrome -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction

Criteria forDiagnosis ofSerotonin Syndrome -- Neurochemistry -- Neuroanatomy -- The Role ofSerotonin -- Epidemiology -- Drugs Associated withSerotonin Syndrome -- Selected Patient Profiles -- The Patient withPsychiatric Disease -- The Patient withParkinson's Disease -- The Patient withaSevere Infection -- The Patient withPain -- The Recreational Drug Abuser -- Genetic Polymorphisms andDrug Interactions withCYP-450 -- The Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- The Patient withCough -- The Patient withMigraine Headaches -- Methylene Blue andtheSurgical Patient -- The Pediatric Patient -- The Patient Who Uses Herbal Remedies -- Differential Diagnosis -- A Common Mistake: Misdiagnosis ofSerotonin Syndrome asNeuroleptic Malignant Syndrome -- Laboratory Studies -- Management ofthePatient -- An Overview -- The Role ofBenzodiazepines -- The Role ofSerotonin Receptor Blockers -- Oral Cyproheptadine -- Intravenous Chlorpromazine -- Induction ofParalysis -- Treatment ofHyperthermia -- Treatment ofAutonomic Instability -- Treatment ofthePediatric Patient -- The Prognosis -- Prevention -- Conclusion -- Authors' Statements -- References -- 9: Acute Spinal Rigidity -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- The Differential Diagnosis ofRigidity -- Rigidity andBasal Ganglia Disease -- Increased Tone inSpasticity andtheUpper Motor Neuron Syndrome -- Frontal Lobe Rigidity -- Muscle Stiffness andPeripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability -- Primary Muscle Disease andMuscle Stiffness -- Clinical Features ofSpinal Rigidity -- Causes ofSpinal Rigidity inMan -- Structural Lesions oftheSpinal Cord -- Necrotizing Myelopathy -- Tetanus andStrychnine -- Spinal Segmental Rigidity andMyoclonus -- Spinal Interneuronitis andtheStiff Leg Syndrome -- Rigidity intheStiff Person Syndrome

Progressive Encephalomyelitis withRigidity andMyoclonus -- Other Immune Associations ofRigidity -- Management -- Conclusion -- References -- 10: Status Dystonicus -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction -- Terminology andDefinition -- Prevalence andPhenomenology -- Differential Diagnosis -- Triggers -- Etiology -- SD inInherited Neurological Syndromes -- SD inAcquired Neurological Syndromes -- Mechanisms -- Management andOutcome -- Course andOutcome -- Conclusion -- References -- 11: Posthypoxic Myoclonus andIts Management -- Clinical Vignette -- Clinical Features andDiagnostic Assessments -- Pathogenic Mechanisms -- Therapeutic Approaches -- Prognosis -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Acute Movement Disorder Emergencies -- 12: Tic Emergencies -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Patient 3 -- Patient 4 -- Patient 5 -- Introduction -- Tic Exacerbations -- Neurological Complications fromTics -- Pain Related toTics -- Abrupt Onset ofTics Secondary toCentral Nervous System Disorders -- New Involuntary Movements fromTic Drugs -- Mood Disturbance Caused by Pharmacotherapy forTics -- References -- 13: Coprolalia andMalignant Phonic Tics -- Introduction -- Clinical Symptoms -- Treatment -- Conclusion -- References -- 14: Hemiballism-Hemichorea -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Patient 3 -- Clinical Description andEtiology -- Pathophysiology -- Prognosis -- Management -- Conclusion -- References -- 15: Sydenham's Chorea, PANDAS, andOther Post-streptococcal Neurological Disorders -- Patient Vignette -- Introduction -- Clinical Features andDiagnosis -- Sydenham's Chorea -- Pandas -- Post-streptococcal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis -- Post-streptococcal Acute Myoclonus -- Post-streptococcal Autoimmune Dystonia withIsolated Striatal Necrosis

Post-Streptococcal Paroxysmal Dystonic Choreoathetosis -- Post-streptococcal Parkinsonism -- Post-streptococcal Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome -- Pathophysiology -- Treatment -- Sydenham's Chorea -- Symptomatic Treatment -- Antibiotic Treatment -- Immunotherapy -- Pandas -- Symptomatic Treatment -- Antibiotic Treatment -- Immunotherapy -- Post-streptococcal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis -- Post-streptococcal Acute Myoclonus -- Post-streptococcal Autoimmune Dystonia withIsolated Striatal Necrosis -- Post-streptococcal Paroxysmal Dystonic Choreoathetosis -- Post-streptococcal Parkinsonism -- Post-streptococcal Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome -- Conclusion -- References -- 16: Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis andOther Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Movement Disorders -- Patient Vignette -- Introduction -- General Concepts -- General Classification -- Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis andOther Disorders Resulting inanExcess ofMovements -- Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis -- Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis After Herpes Simplex Encephalitis -- Paraneoplastic Chorea andCRMP5 Antibodies -- Pseudoathetoid Movements inParaneoplastic Sensory Neuronopathy -- Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome -- Sydenham's Chorea -- Myoclonic-Like Movements inPatients withLGI1 Antibodies -- Tremor andAtaxia inParaneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration -- Disorders Resulting inaPaucity ofMovement or Stiffness -- Anti-Ma2 Encephalitis andHypokinesis -- Basal Ganglia Encephalitis -- Stiff-Person Syndrome -- Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability -- General Management Considerations -- References -- 17: Psychosis andParkinson's Disease -- Patient Vignettes -- Patient 1 -- Patient 2 -- Introduction -- Phenomenology -- Epidemiology -- Factors That Influence Development ofPD Psychosis -- Pathophysiology -- Evaluation -- Treatment -- Follow-Up ofPatient Vignettes -- Conclusion -- References

18: Perioperative Emergencies Associated withDeep Brain Stimulation