Introduction -- Bad Breath of Oral Origin (Oral Malodor) -- Microbial and Biochemical Aspects of Bad Breath -- Odor Perception -- Bad Breath of Nasal and Pharyngeal Origin -- Bad Breath and the Stomach -- Other Sources of Bad Breath -- Laboratory Measurement of Breath Odors -- Diagnosis of Oral Malodor in the Clinic -- Questionnaires and Self Evaluation of Oral Malodor -- Malodor in Specific Populations -- Psychological Aspects of Breath Odor -- Treatment of Oral Malodor: Products and Regimens -- History of Bad Breath -- Future Prospects of Oral Malodor Research.

This comprehensive, evidence-based textbook presents the latest knowledge on bad breath, describing insights from basic research and offering expert guidance on current approaches to diagnosis and treatment. The new edition has been thoroughly updated to take account of recent advances in understanding. The opening chapters examine in detail the origins of bad breath, including from the nose and pharynx. Microbial and biochemical aspects are fully explained, and information is also provided on odor perception. The clinically focused chapters cover all forms of laboratory measurement of breath odors, chairside diagnostic techniques, and the full range of available treatment options. The value of self-administered questionnaires in assessing bad breath is discussed, and attention is paid to the problem in specific population groups and to psychological aspects. Finally, future prospects are reviewed. The authors draw on more than forty years of combined experience in the field, both in the laboratory and as consultants to thousands of patients. The book will be of interest to all dentists as well as ENT specialists and family physicians.