Translation and Testing of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts
Front Matter
Pages 1-1
Clinical Applications and Limitations of Vascular Grafts
Timothy Pennel, Peter Zilla
Pages 3-34
Mechanical Testing of Vascular Grafts
Martin Stoiber, Christian Grasl, Francesco Moscato, Heinrich Schima
Pages 35-61
Preclinical In Vivo Assessment of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts and Selection of Appropriate Animal Models
Helga Bergmeister, Bruno K. Podesser
Pages 63-93
Vascular Tissue Engineering: Pathological Considerations, Mechanisms, and Translational Implications
Frederick J. Schoen, Anna Mallone, Leda Klouda, Carlijn V. C. Bouten
Pages 95-134
Approaches of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts
Front Matter
Pages 135-135
Synthetic Materials: Processing and Surface Modifications for Vascular Tissue Engineering
William E. King III, Benjamin A. Minden-Birkenmaier, Gary L. Bowlin
Pages 137-186
In Vivo Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts
Beat H. Walpoth, Sarra de Valence, Jean-Christophe Tille, Damiano Mugnai, Tornike Sologashvili, Wojciech Mrówczyński et al.
Pages 187-206
Decellularized Vascular Grafts
Sotiria Toumpaniari, Andres Hilfiker, Axel Haverich, Sotirios Korossis
Pages 207-269
Autologous Mandril-Based Vascular Grafts
Wouter J. Geelhoed, Lorenzo Moroni, Joris I. Rotmans
Pages 271-293
Advances in Cell Seeding of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts
Justin S. Weinbaum, Darren G. Haskett, Talya F. Mandelkern, David A. Vorp
Pages 295-319
Vascular Tissue Engineering: The Role of 3D Bioprinting
Yu Shrike Zhang, Ali Khademhosseini
Pages 321-338
Textile-Reinforced Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering
Alicia Fernández-Colino, Stefan Jockenhoevel
Pages 339-363
Small-Diameter Engineered Arteries: The Gel Approach
Brett C. Isenberg, Chrysanthi Williams, Zeeshan H. Syedain, Robert T. Tranquillo
Pages 365-376
Functionalization and Pathology of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts
Front Matter
Pages 377-377
Elastin in Vascular Grafts
Richard Wang, Bente J. de Kort, Anthal I. P. M. Smits, Anthony S. Weiss
Pages 379-410
The Incorporation and Release of Bioactive Molecules in Vascular Grafts
Muhammad Shafiq, Hongyu Yan, Adam C. Midgley, Kai Wang, Qiang Zhao, Deling Kong
Pages 411-427
Tissue Engineering to Study and Treat Cardiovascular Calcification
Mark C. Blaser, Samantha K. Atkins, Elena Aikawa
Pages 429-468
Vascularization of 3D Engineered Tissues
Young Min Ju, Anthony Atala, James J. Yoo
Pages 469-486
Clinical Application of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts
Front Matter
Pages 487-487
Off-the-Shelf Tissue-Engineered Vascular Conduits: Clinical Translation
Emanuela S. Fioretta, Lisa von Boehmer, Melanie Generali, Simon P. Hoerstrup, Maximilian Y. Emmert
Pages 489-531
Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts for Children
Toshihiro Shoji, Christopher Breuer, Toshiharu Shinoka
Pages 533-548
Bioengineered Human Acellular Vessels
Juan Wang, Jonathan Wu, Jeffrey H. Lawson, Laura E. Niklason
Pages 549-574

Cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death in developed countries. Revascularization procedures such as coronary artery and peripheral bypass grafts, as well as access surgery represent a 2$ billion market yearly for the US alone.
Despite intense research over many decades, no clinically suitable, shelf-ready, synthetic, vascular, small-caliber graft exists. There is therefore still a quest for such a clinical vascular prosthesis for surgical revascularization procedures and access surgery.
Many approaches have been tried and are currently under investigation with promising results. These range from acellular and cell-based, stable or bio-degradable, synthetic scaffolds to biological or decellularized grafts, not forgetting self-assembly technologies for in vitro or in vivo VTE. All these approaches can be further enhanced by functionalization, e.g. with growth factors and drug elution. This updatable book aims to cover all the relevant aspects of Vascular Tissue Engineering (VTE) and novel alternatives to develop vascular grafts for clinical applications.
The chapters in this book cover different aspects of manufacturing scaffolds with various polymers, mechanical characteristics, degradation rates, decellularization techniques, cell sheet assembly, 3-D printing and autologous mandril-based VTE. All the necessary in vitro tests such as biocompatibility and thrombogenicity are reviewed. Pre-clinical assessment of in vivo experimental models include patency, compliance, intimal hyperplasia, inflammatory reaction, cellular ingrowth and remodeling. Finally, early clinical trials will be periodically updated regarding results, regulatory aspects and post-marketing quality assessment.
Furthermore, the reader should get an insight into various approaches, technologies and methods to better understand the complexity of blood surface and cell interactions in VTE. Translational research has yielded early human applications clearly showing the enormous need of research in the field to provide better solutions for our patients and this continuously updated book will hopefully become a reference in the field for life sciences.